流浪北国

第八篇（classification of trees）：
Ok. In the last class we talked about the classification of trees and we ended up with a basic (description of angiosperms). You member that those are plant with true flowers and seeds that develop inside <fruits>. The common (broadleaf) trees we have on campus fall into this (category), but our (pines) don’t.
Now, I hope you all followed my advice and <wore> comfortable shoes because, as I said, today we’re going to do a little (field) study.

To get started, let me describe a couple of broadleaf trees we have in front of us. I’m sure you’ve all noticed this big [that the] tree next to Brant Hall. It’s a (Black Walnut) that must be 80 feet tall. As a matter of fact, this is a (plaque) identifying it as the tallest Black Walnut in the state. And from here we can see the beautiful (archway) of trees at the Commons. They’re American (elms)…the ones along the Commons were planted when the college was founded 120 years ago. They have the (distinctive) dark green leaves that look lopsided because the two sides of the leaf are unequal. I want you to notice the elm right outside the Jackson Hall… some of its leaves have (withered) and turned yellow, maybe due to Dutch elm disease. Only a few <branches> seem affected so far, but if this tree is sick. It’ll have to be cut down.
Well, let’s move on and I’ll describe what we see as we go.
classification: [ .kl&aelig;sifi'keiʃən ]
description: [ dis'kripʃən ]
describe: [ dis'kraib ]
angiosperm: 被子植物
broadleaf: 阔叶树
category: [ 'k&aelig;tigəri ] 种类,类别
pine: [ pain ] 松树
walnut: [ 'wɔ:lnət ] 胡桃
plaque: [ plɑ:k ] 匾,徽章
archway: 拱门,拱道
common: [ 'kɔmən ] 公地,公园
elm: [ elm ]  
榆树
distinctive: [ dis'tiŋktiv ] 有特色的,出众的
lopsided: [ 'lɔp'saidid ] 倾向一方的,不平衡的
wither: [ 'wi&eth;ə ] 使...凋谢,枯萎
branch: [ brɑ:ntʃ ]

流浪北国

第九篇（wasp）：
Today I want to talk to you about wasp and their nests. You’ll recall that biologists <divided> species of wasp into two groups: <solitary> and social.

Solitary wasps, as the name implies, do not live together with other wasps. In most species the male and female get together only to mate, and then the female does all the work of building the nest and providing food for the <offspring> by herself. Solitary wasps usually make nests in the ground and they <separate> the chambers for (individual) offspring with (bits of) grass, stone or mud, whatever is handy.

What about social wasps? They form a community and work together to build and maintain the nest. A nest begins in the spring when a (fertile) female, called the (queen), build the first few compartments of the nest and (lays) eggs. The first offspring are small females that cannot lay eggs. These females, call workers, then build a lot of new compartments and the queen lays more eggs. They also (care) for the new offspring and defend the nest with their (stingers). By the way, only female wasps have stingers.

Most social wasps make nests of paper. The female produce the paper by <chewing> up plant fibers or old wood. They spread the paper in (thin layers) to make (cells) in which the queen lays her eggs. Most of you, I’m sure, have seen these nests suspended from trees. They may also be built (underground) in abandoned (rodent burrows).
wasp: [ wɔsp ] 黄蜂,胡蜂
divide: [ di'vaid ]
solitary: [ 'sɔlitəri ]  孤独的,唯一的
offspring: [ 'ɔfspriŋ]  
chamber: [ 'tʃeimbə ] 室,房间,会所
individual: [ .indi'vidjuəl ]
mud: [ mʌd ] 泥,泥浆
handy: [ 'h&aelig;ndi ] 方便的,手边的
community: [ kə'mju:niti ]
fertile: [ 'fə:tail; 'fə:til ]  
queen: [ kwi:n ]
compartment: [ kəm'pɑ:tmənt ] 间隔,个别室
stinger: [ 'stiŋə ] 针，刺
chew: [ tʃu: ] 咀嚼,嚼碎
fiber: [ 'faibə ] 纤维
cell: [ sel ]  
suspend: [ səs'pend ]
rodent: [ 'rəudənt ]
burrow: [ 'bʌrəu ]  


那天有位听友说把cells听成self，今天也是啊，不过我发现那两个发音似乎是一样的

流浪北国

第十篇（spider）：
Before moving on to a new topic, I want to finish up our <unit> on (arachnids) by looking at what (may seem a) very unusual aspect of spider <behavior>—a species (where) the young spiders actually consume the body of their mother.

Unlike most other spiders, this species lays one—and only one—(clutch) of forty eggs in her lifetime. The young spiders <hatch> in mid-spring or early summer inside a nest of (eucalyptus leaves). Their mother spends warm summer months bringing home large insects—often ten times (her weight)—for meals. The catch is always significantly more than her young spiders can eat. So, the mother (fattens) herself up on extra prey and stores the (nutrients) in her extra (unfertilized) eggs. As the weather turns cold, there is fewer insects prey to hunt. That’s when nutrients stored (in those) extra eggs begin to seep into the mother’s bloodstream. So, when there are no more insects to feed to the young spiders, they attach themselves to the mother’s (leg joints) and draw <nourishment> by sucking the nutrient-rich blood.

After several weeks, the mother is <depleted> of all nutrients and she dies. But then how do the young spiders get nourishment? They start to feed on one another. Now, if you recall (our discussion) of Darwin, you’ll see the evolutionary value of this: only the strongest spiders of the clutch will survive this “(cannibalism),” and the mother spider will have <ensure> that her (genes) have an increased chance of survival through future generations.
arachnid: [ ə'r&aelig;knid ] 属于蜘蛛类的节肢动物
spider: [ 'spaidə ]
behavior: [ bi'heiviə ]
clutch: [ klʌtʃ ]  一次孵的蛋
hatch: [ h&aelig;tʃ ]  
eucalyptus: [ .ju:kə'liptəs ] 桉树
fatten: [ 'f&aelig;tən ]  养肥,使肥胖
nutrient: [ 'nju:triənt ]
nourishment: [ 'nʌriʃmənt ]
unfertilized: [ 'ʌn'fə:tilaizd ] 未受精的
joint: [ dʒɔint ] 关节,接合处
deplete: [ di'pli:t ] 耗尽,使...空竭
cannibalism: [ 'k&aelig;nibəlizɚm ] 同类相食
ensure: [ in'ʃuə ] 保证，担保
insure: [ in'ʃuə ] 保障，为…提供保证
gene: [ dʒi:n ]  
survival: [ sə'vaivəl ]  n. 生存


  
这个ensure: [ in'ʃuə ] 和insure: [ in'ʃuə ]好像没什么区别吧



[ 本帖最后由 流浪北国 于 2008-7-4 18:00 编辑 ]

流浪北国

第十一篇（Kangaroo）：
Now we’re entering kangaroo country. In all, there are more than fifty different species of kangaroo. And the advantage of zoos like ours is (that you see in their) natural habitant. The ones we have all live in grasslands.

On my right, you can see one of the biggest types: the red kangaroo. It travels about twenty miles per hour. It looks like hard work, but (hopping) actually lets the kangaroo conserve more energy than other animal could when running on four legs. In fact, (up to a) certain point, the faster a kangaroo goes the more energy it conserves. Rather than taking more <hops> to increase speed, the kangaroo make the (length of each) jump longer.

Let’s stop here for a minute, take a look over on your right at this (group) of kangaroo resting. Can you see that their ears are moving? Hearing may well be the kangaroo’s most important sense. Their two large ears can move <independently>, so sometimes one ear is pointing (forward) and the other (toward the rear). Kangaroo’s eyesight is also excellent, they have a (wide field of vision) and like most (grazing) animals, they are especially good at (detecting) movement.

Before we move on I’d like to point out one more thing: if you look closely you can see a (joey)—that’s a baby kangaroo—(peering) out of its mother’s (pouch). Before long that joey will be out of the pouch for good. The mother will push it out by the time it’s eight months old.
kangaroo: [ .k&aelig;ŋgə'ru: ] 袋鼠
hop: [ hɔp ]
length: [ l eŋθ ]
resting: [ 'restiŋ ] 静止的,休眠的
sense: [ sens ]
rear: [ riə ] 后面(的),背后(的)
vision: [ 'viʒən ] 视觉,光景
grazing: [ 'greiziŋ ]  放牧,牧草
joey: [ 'dʒəui ] 幼兽
peer: [ piə ] 凝视,窥视
（n 匹敌）
pouch: [ pautʃ ]  小袋 v

流浪北国

是不是自己错了被指出过



谢谢棉布，我不够仔细，我忏悔！

[ 本帖最后由 流浪北国 于 2008-7-4 18:08 编辑 ]

流浪北国

这两天晚上宿舍没网络都没传上去，补上！
第十二篇（Frogs）:
If you liked the colorful animals we just saw, you’re going to love these next animals: frogs. You might not normally think of frogs (as being) colorful, but these frogs <definitely> are. They are the (dart-poison) frogs of Central and South America. Look at the striking colors—often yellow with black stripes or (deep blue) with black (spots).

Beyond being nice to look at, these markings have a <purpose>. They warn <predators> that these grogs are <poisonous>. When (threatened, these) frogs (secrete) a substance through their skin that would easily kill whatever animals (might try to eat them). Their bright colors communicate this and so most animals tend not to hunt them.

Now, speaking of hunting, for centuries these frogs were sought after by hunters. As you might think, the hunters didn’t want to eat the frogs, (but rather), they captured them for their poison. They would add the poison to the tips of hunting (arrows)—of course, nowadays most hunters use guns.

These (days’) dart-poison frogs are (of less interest to) hunters than to medical researchers. Researchers believe that they can make new heart medicine from the poison, because it (acts as a stimulant) on the body’s <nervous> system. Researchers think they could use it to <stimulate> a weak heart.

There is, however, a problem with doing research on these frogs. Those that caught in the (wild) will produce their poison until die. However, those that (are born in) captivity, like the (ones you see) here, will not produce any poison at all.
frog: [ frɔg ] 蛙
fox: [ fɔ:ks ] 狐狸
definitely: [ 'definitli ]  
dart: [ dɑ:t ] 投射,疾走 n
striking: [ 'straikiŋ ] 引人注目的,显著的
stripe: [ straip 条纹
spot: [ spɔt ]
purpose: [ 'pə:pəs ]
propose: [ prə'pəuz ] 打算,向...提议
predator: [ 'predətə ] 食肉动物
poisonous: [ 'pɔiznəs ]  

secrete: [ si'kri:t ] 分泌(隐秘,隐藏)
secret: [ 'si:krit ]
threaten: [ 'θretn ]  
v
threat: [ θret ] n.恐吓,征兆
sought: [ sɔ:t ] seek 的过去式及过去分词
seek after [for] 求；寻求；探究
arrow: [ '&aelig;rəu ] 箭 v
stimulant: [ 'stimjulənt ] 兴奋剂 a
stimulate: [ 'stimjuleit ]  
nervous: [ 'nə:vəs ]  
wild: [ waild ] a. n.
captivity: [ k&aelig;p'tiviti ]  囚禁,被关
capacity: [ kə'p&aelig;siti ] 能力,容量

流浪北国

第十三篇（鸟的迁徙）:
As Dr. Miller mentioned, we’re trying to (recruit volunteers) for the Hawk Mountain Sanctuary. But before I get into the details of volunteer program, I’d just like to tell you a little about what we do here.

One of (our) main jobs is to keep detailed records of (migration) <patterns> of <raptors>. For those of you who don’t know, raptors are birds of prey, like <hawks and eagles>. Between <August> and December, we see around twenty different species migrating from Canada and New England –about twenty thousand birds.

Part of what (attracts) them to Hawk Mountain is the location on east (ridge) of the Appalachian Mountain. What happens is that the (sun warms the ridge) in such a way that air (currents) are formed. The birds just (sort of glide along) on the air—so they use up very little energy.

As volunteers you’ll be help us keep (accurate counts) of the raptors. Any drop in number could mean something’s wrong in the environment—because of (pesticides) or disease—even hunting.

We just had a <scare> with the (broad-winged) hawks. Their numbers have dropped drastically over the last ten years. It was suggested that the birds may have changed their (migratory route). So for eleven days, we had several hundred volunteers – stationed every five miles—to observe and count. And (sure enough), they discovered that instead of (hugging) the Appalachian as (they’d always done), the broad-wings were (cutting a wide path) over the Delaware River. (Needless to) say, we were greatly <relieved>.
recruit: [ ri'kru:t ] 招募 n.新成员
volunteer: [ vɔlən'tiə(r) ] a. v
migration: [ mai'greiʃən ]  
migratory: [ 'maigrətəri] 迁移的,流浪的
pattern: [ 'p&aelig;tən ] n.式样 v.模仿
raptor: [ 'r&aelig;ptə(r) ] 猛禽,肉食鸟
hawk: [ hɔ:k ]  鹰，隼
eagle: [ 'i:gl ]  
鹰
attract: [ ə'tr&aelig;kt ]
attack: [ ə't&aelig;k ]
ridge: [ ridʒ ]  山脊,山脉
edge: [ edʒ ] 边缘
current: [ 'kʌrənt ]  流,趋势 a
glide: [ glaid ]
accurate: [ '&aelig;kjurit ]
count: [ kaʊnt ]
pesticide: [ 'pestisaid ] 杀虫剂
scare: [ skɛə ] 惊吓 n. v
scarce: [ skɛəs ] 缺乏的,罕见的
wing: [ wiŋ ]  翅膀 v
drastic: [ 'dr&aelig;stik ]
route: [ ru:t ]  航线,路线
hug: [ hʌg ] 紧抱,拥抱
path: [ pɑ:θ ]  
relieved



其中hawk和eagle从英文翻译过来都是鹰：Eagle   偏向于“鹰”这个动物本身，动物的形象等；Hawk偏向于鹰的性格、代表猛禽等意思。
   至此我X爱的生物听写完了。

流浪北国

天文类开始喽，这个好像也挺难的喔
第一篇（登陆月球和火星）：
Located at the (NASA) Research Center in Iowa is a 5000 <gallon> (vat) of water. And inside the tank is an underwater (treadmill) designed by Dava Newman, an (aerospace) engineer. For four years, Newman observed (scuba) divers as they simulated (walking) on the Moon and on <Mars> on her underwater moving (belt). She wanted to discover how the gravity of the Moon and of Mars would affect human movement.

To do this, Newman attached (weights) to the divers and then <lowered> them into the tank and onto the treadmill. These weights were carefully adjusted so that the divers could experience underwater the gravity of the Moon and of Mars as they walked on the treadmill. Newman concluded that walking on Mars will probably be <easier> than walking on the Moon. The Moon had less gravity than Mars does so at <lunar> gravity, the divers (struggled) to keep their balance and walked (awkwardly). But at <Martian> gravity, the divers had great (traction and stability) and could easily adjust to a (pace) of one point five miles per hour. As Newman gradually increased the speed of the treadmill, the divers took longer, graceful (strides), until they comfortably settled into an even <quicker> pace. Newman also <noted> that at Martian gravity, the divers needed less <oxygen>.
The data Newman collected will help in the future design of Martian space (suits). Compared to lunar space suits, Martian space suits will require smaller air (tanks). And, to allow for <freer> movement, the (elbow and knee) areas of the space suits will also be (altered).
gallon: [ 'g&aelig;lən ]
VAT: [ v&aelig;t ] 大桶，大缸
treadmill: [ 'tredmil ] 跑步机
aerospace: [ 'ɛərəuspeis ]  航空宇宙
scuba: [ 'sku:bə ] 水中呼吸器
lunar: [ 'lju:nə ]  

struggle: [ 'strʌgl ] 努力,挣扎 n
awkwardly: [ 'ɔ:kwədli ] 笨拙地,棘手地
Martian: [ 'mɑ:ʃiən ] 火星的(火星人)
traction: [ 'tr&aelig;kʃən ] 曳,牵引力
stability: [ stə'biliti ]  稳定性
pace: [ peis ]  步调,步法 v. 踱步
graceful: [ 'greisful ] 优雅的
stride: [ straid ] 大步,一跨步 v
settle: [ 'setl ] 安放,安顿
oxygen: [ 'ɔksidʒən ]
data: [ 'deitə ]  

suit: [ su:t ]
elbow: [ 'elbəʊ ]
rainbow: [ 'reinbəu ]
knee: [ ni: ]
alter: [ 'ɔ:ltə ]
eternal: [ i('tə:nl ]

[ 本帖最后由 流浪北国 于 2008-7-10 14:36 编辑 ]

流浪北国

是块硬骨头也硬着头皮啃掉！
第二篇（宇航服）：
Thank you. It’s great to see so many of you interested in this (series) on “survival <outer> space.” Please excuse the <cameras>—we’re being (videotaped) for the local TV stations.

Tonight, I’m going to talk about the most basic aspect of survival—the space suit. When most of you imagine an <astronaut>, that’s probably, the first thing comes to mind, right? Well, without space suits, it would not be possible for us to survival in space. For example, outer space it’s a (vacuum)—there’s no gravity or air pressure, without protection, a body will be <explode>. What’s more, (we’d) cook in the sun or freeze in the shade—with temperatures range from a (toasty) 300 degrees above to a cool 300 degrees <below> zero <Fahrenheit>.

The space suit that NASA has developed is truly a (marvel). This photo (enlargement) here is a life-size image of actual space suit worn by astronauts on the last space (shuttle mission). This part is the (torso)—it’s made of seven <extremely> durable layers. The (thick insulation) protects against temperature extremes and radiation. Next is what they call a “(bladder)” of oxygen—that’s an inflatable (sac), filled with oxygen, to stimulate <atmospheric> pressure. This bladder presses against the body with the same (force) as the earth’s atmosphere (at sea level). The (innermost) layers provide (liquid cooling and ventilation). <Despite> all the layers, the suit is (flexible), allowing free movement so we can work.

Another really (sophisticated) part of the space suit is the (helmet). I (brought one) along to show you. Can I have a volunteer come and (demonstrate).
series: [ 'siəri:z ]
camera: [ 'k&aelig;mərə ]
outer: [ 'autə ]  
videotape: [ 'vidiəu'teip ]
astronaut: [ '&aelig;strənɔ:t ]  

imagine: [ i'm&aelig;dʒin ]
image: [ 'imidʒ ]
vacuum: [ 'v&aelig;kjuəm ] 真空（的）
explode: [ iks'pləud ]
explore: [ iks'plɔ: ]  探险,探测
toasty: 似烤面包片的
Fahrenheit: [ 'f&aelig;rənhait] 华氏的
marvel: [ 'mɑ:vəl ] 奇异的事物,罕见的例子 v
life-size: [ 'laifsaiz ] 与实物大小一样的
shuttle: [ 'ʃʌtl ] 穿梭,往返移动之物v
mission: [ 'miʃən ]
torso: [ 'tɔ:səu ] 躯干(残缺的东西)
thick: [ θik ]
insulation: [ .insju'leiʃən ]  隔离,孤立
radiation: [ .reidi'eiʃən ]
bladder: [ 'bl&aelig;də ] 膀胱
inflatable: [ in'fleitəbl ] 可充气的
sac: [ s&aelig;k ]  囊,液囊
atmospheric: [ .&aelig;tməs'ferik ]
force: [ fɔ:s ] n. v
liquid: [ 'likwid ] a. n
ventilation: [ venti'leiʃən ] 通风
despite: [ dis'pait ]
flexible: [ 'fleksəbl ]
sophisticated: [ sə'fistikeitid ] 诡辩的,久经世故的
helmet: [ 'helmit ] 头盔
demonstrate: [ 'demənstreit ] 演示,证明

  这个第三段第三句This past从发音和意思上来看都应该是 This part的。

[ 本帖最后由 流浪北国 于 2008-7-4 18:07 编辑 ]

流浪北国

to97＃：音标http://dict.cn/search/?q=life-size在这查
        一个巴掌拍也拍不响

to98＃：我听的就是场景分类下呀http://bbs.xiaoma.com/forum-95-1.html


小素，咱要将棉布的这个“一次产的卵或蛋”发扬光大

[ 本帖最后由 流浪北国 于 2008-7-5 18:01 编辑 ]