08. 4. 27
与07.1.13重复。
答案请见http://www.xiaoma.com/bbs/thread-11658-1-1.html
5月 （5.10， 5.17, 5.31）
5.10
T1.
Choose a profession that you love and you will never work a day in your life. Explain why this profession would be appealing to you and why you wouldn’t take it.
Sample answer: （音频下载请点击附件profession.mp3）
A profession that I admire and will never take is singing. I love to sing because I can feel energetic and lively when I sing. Also I like the natural sound of the voice, believing that singing will enhance my life. However, I would never sing as a professional even though I clearly know that life is so much sweeter when I’m earning a living by doing something I love. First, to serve the public as a professional singer, I will need to make more sacrifices. Second, I can’t sing well enough to entertain thousands and thousands of audiences. Third, I have no musical talent to make it a successful career. Therefore, I wouldn’t take singing as a long-standing profession.
共8句
我的时间记录为：41’’
你的时间记录为: ______
T2.
Some people like to spend their weekends reading at home. Others prefer to relax on weekends, like hanging out with friends. Which do you prefer and why?
Sample answer: （音频下载请点击附件relax on weekends.mp3）
Some school and college students do not want to waste time by spending weekends for entertainment alone, as they are more concerned about their career and higher studies. However, I think WEEEKENDS are meant for relaxation, for merriment (欢乐)and fun-making.
To begin with,it’s an earned break after five days of hard work. It helps us clear the backlog (积压待办事项), refresh our mind and keep our body in perfect condition by doing something like shopping, going on picnics or just hanging out with friends.
Weekends also pave way for entertainment and reduce physical and mental stress. As the saying goes "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy" so play hard while working hard.
What’s more, WEEKENDS provide the much-needed opportunity to have some diversion from the routine, which normally tend to become dull, dreary(沉闷的)and monotonous(单调的). So, weekends are fully dedicated for relaxation.
共8句
我的时间记录为：44’’
你的时间记录为: ______
T3.
Reading:【学校通知】：Change of the summer storage policy. 文章说学校在暑期将允许每个学生有3个大箱子存放自己的行李物品。
Listening: 【学生议论】：女生不同意。原因有二：
1. 3个箱子对有些同学根本不够，对话中的女生说自己开车，可以把有些东西拿回家，但有些同学如她的roommate就麻烦了。
2. 学校可以利用一些空的宿舍存放学生的物品，并不一定非要用这种限制方法。
Sample answer:
In the reading material, the university is considering changing the summer storage policy. The students are allowed to use only 3 trunks to hold their belongings.
In the listening material, we clearly learn that woman doesn't like the idea. One reason she gives is that 3 trunks are not enough at all. She also states that she could drive some other stuff home, but that would be a lot of trouble for other students like her roommate.
Another reason is that the school doesn’t have to worry there isn’t enough space for students’ belongings. Some empty dormitories won’t be occupied in the summer so that the belongings could be put there.
Therefore, she disagrees with that opinion.
T4
Reading: 【课文要点】Creative Grouping，创造性分类。商业课程中的一个概念, 就是把商品分类，不把它分到传统的一类中，赋予商品新的含义，从而在商业中促进其销售量。
Listening:【教授举例】广告商就是利用这一点，在广告的设计上让人们对同类产品产生不同的定位或归类。比如同样是手表，传统是用来计时的，有些厂商定位在高贵，使用的是贵重金属比如jewelry，体现耐用高贵的特点；而其他厂商可能定位在时尚、快乐，这样即使它是使用塑料材料做，并/或bright color，但时尚价格又不贵，也能提高销售量。
Sample answer:
In this set of materials, the reading passage explains a definition of creative grouping. It states that grouping commercial products in a new constructive way and adding new elements to them can help promote their sales.
In the listening passage, the professor gives an example to further illustrate this. Advertisers normally design their advertisements through creative grouping so that people will have different ideas of the same product. Then the professor takes watch for exmaple. Traditionally, a watch was used to tell time. Some manufacturersfocus more on its value, so they use precious metal like jewelry to make it stand wear and tear.
Whereas, other manufacturers could make it fun and fashion by using plastics and/or bright color, which also interest a certain group of customers.
By these means, he proves that creative grouping plays a major role in business promotion.
T5.
【学生困难】：女生碰到一个问题，受伤了无法跳舞，也就无法参加下周的一个演出。
【解决方案】：自己想了两个办法：
1．自己不去，他们重新编排，会有困难。
2．找Beca帮忙，他是一个不错的dancer.
Sample answer:
This is a discussion between two students. The female student is hurt and will not be able to dance for the performance next week. She works out 2 solutions herself. One of the solutions she comes up with is giving up. The other solution is to ask Beca to take the place of her ‘cause he is a very good dancer. I tend to agree with the second solution because if she quit, they would take much trouble rearranging. But if she asked a substitute, they would still be able to have the performance as scheduled. Also, she wouldn’t feel guilty for bringing so much trouble due to being unable to attend it.
T6.
【讲课要点】：教授讲的是印刷技术前后的人们阅读形式的改变。两个方面：
1. 过去人们要通过手抄，容易出错，漏字，错字，然后一本书到最后甚至差别太大，而有了印刷之后大家看到的是完全相同的文字；
2. 过去的书需要太多的劳动，所以书本很贵，而且读书很多情况下是一个人大声朗读，很多人在边上听，而现在有了印刷之后，大家读书的时候可以人手一本，独自静静的阅读。
Sample answer:
The lecture tells us about the change in ways people read before and after printing. In the past, people used to copy the book with their own hands, which made it easier to have changes and mistakes in the book. Thus, people might get different information from the same book. However, after printing came into existence, all the copies are the same. On the other hand, it took much effort to make a book in ancient times and it was very expensive. In most cases, one person read aloud, while others sat around listening. But in the present day, with printing technology, books are available to everyone, which makes it possible for them to read alone, silently.
5.17
T1.
Talk about an composition that is important to you, ex: essay, poem, letter, and explain the reasons.
Sample answer 1: （音频下载请点击附件important letter 1.mp3）
The most important letter that I can remember was my college acceptance letter.
It was like the final judgment on all of years of study. I had finished the College Entrance Examination some weeks earlier and had been spending the summer hanging out with my friends. I guess I had done my best, so I had tried not to think about it too much. When I got the results, I was pleased ‘cause I had done so well that this did guarantee me a place at university.
When it did arrive, it was a relief, the waiting was the worst. Of course, opening it was tense, but it had to be opened and eventually I quickly opened my letter and quickly read it, skipping to the irrelevant part-------I was accepted!!! I read it again, told my parents and we were all delighted. I think that would have to be the most important letter I have received.
共8句
我的时间记录为：41’’
你的时间记录为:______
Sample answer 2: （音频下载请点击附件important letter 2.mp3）
The most important letter that I can remember was a letter applying for a job . I had seen this job advertised in a local newspaper, the evening edition. It suited me very much and I was immediately attracted to it. It said to apply in writing, giving details of your experience, your education and when you were available… and you had to give the names and contacts of two references. I was qualified for the job and eager to get it.
When I was finished writing I was pretty satisfied and a little pleased, posted it off to the address given and waited! Thankfully, before I sweated too much, I got a letter after a couple of days, saying they wanted me to come in for interview. I was very pleased to go for the interview and got the job, my first job!
共8句
我的时间记录为：44’’
你的时间记录为:______
T2.
Would you prefer to choose a profession that allows you to work alone or one allowing you to work in groups. And why?
Sample answer: （音频下载请点击附件work in groups.mp3）
Everyone has their own preference when choosing a profession. Some prefer to choose a profession allowing one to work alone ‘cause they are more focused and productive when they work individually. But I think it is better for people to work in a team because they can develop their thinking skills and sense of cooperation (培养思考能力和合作意识) and mutuality by discussing problems together.
In addition, when working with a group, people become more creative trying to work out solutions to the problems. Thus, they save a lot of energy and time.
And the last point I’d like to mention is that people who work in groups often share each other’s different ideas and experiences, which is more pleasurable when working together.
Therefore, I prefer to choose a profession that allows me to work in groups.
共8句
我的时间记录为：43’’
你的时间记录为:______
T3.
Reading:【学校通知】：一个男生写信抱怨：学校宿舍年租金太贵。暑假有些学生不住校，但还是要照常付租金；想把空房在暑假期间外租，租金又太高，租不出去。因此，学校宿舍的租金应该降低，这样，很多在暑假不住校的学生就可以比较容易地把空房租出去。
Listening: 【学生议论】：女生不同意。原因有二：
1)根本不是费用问题，和其它学校的房租相比，学校租金已经很低了，若是还租不出，学校应该架设个网站，让那些想在暑假租房的人可以查询租房信息。
2) 那封信说的不符合事实。在暑假，大部分学生会继续住校，没有必要出租。
Sample answer:
In the reading material, a male student writes a letter complaining that the school accommodation is very expensive and they are not able to rent the empty dorm out in the summer vacation.
In the listening material, we clearly learn that the female student doesn't think the same way. One reason she gives is that the rental costs of the school apartments are fairly low compared to its counterparts. If they still can not rent them out, they can ask the school to set up a website for those who want to rent the dorm in summer to easily find the information.
Another reason is that not all students go back home in summer. Instead, most of students will continue living on campus. So they don’t need to rent the dorm out at all.
Therefore, she disagrees with that opinion.
T4.
Reading: 【课文要点】介绍了一种predator saturation方式。植物利用特殊方法保护自己繁衍的方式，像是一次produce很多seeds，让想吃其种子的捕食者吃都吃不完，之后再不固定的reproduce，让动物无法依赖其种子当固定食物，藉此来控制predator的量。
Listening:【教授举例】举例bamboo来证明。
1) bamboo约120年产一次seed,之后很长时间都不再产种, 使之不会成为predator固定食物来源。
2) bamboo 每次产生的seeds很多，动物一次不可能全部吃掉所有的seeds，这样足够的种子能确保此物种的延续。
Sample answer:
In this set of materials, the reading passage explainspredator saturation. It states that plants use this special way to protect themselves from extinction. A species produces so many seeds that consumers cannot possibly eat them all. Then it reproduces at different intervals for its predators not to rely on its seeds as the only food resources.
In the listening passage, the professor gives 2 examples to illustrate this. Seed producing trees such as bamboos in southeast Asia produces large crops of seeds almost every 120 years. Then the seeds won’t be available for a long period of time. Thus it won’t be the only food resource of its predators.Another example is that bamboo produces so many seeds that consumers cannot possibly eat them all, leaving enough to reproduce.
By these means, he proves that plants can saturate their potential predators.
T5.
【学生困难】：女生要在周六办组织一个户外音乐会，天气预报却说要下雨，女生担心活动没办法按时举行。
【解决方案】：男生给她两个建议：
1)推迟到下周末。但是女生怕请来的乐队成员players无法出席，他们下周末可能有有其它计划。
2)按时照常在雨中进行，因为有可能只下一会雨，天气还是好的，这样也很特别。女生说怕大家开始看到窗外在下雨就不想出门了。
Sample answer:
This is a discussion between two students. The female student wants to hold an outdoor concert on Saturday. But the weather report says it will rain on that day, so she is afraid that they won’t be able to have it as scheduled.
The male student gives her two possible solutions. One of them is to put it off until
next weekend.The other solution is to do it as planned in spite of the rain. I tend to agree with the second solution because if they delayed the concert, the players wouldn’t be able to attend it ‘cause they may have some other plans next weekend. But if they have it as scheduled despite the rain, it would be very special. Also, they wouldn’t be depressed by the delay or the possible absence of the players. Furthermore, if it rains, it might not last long.
T6.
【讲课要点】：介绍两种survey。
1. statistical。需要小的样本调查，就是抽一部分人做调查，然后推出genneral的结论。如一公司建停车库，要设计的车位个数。只需知道员工有几个开车来上班。只要抽1/10的员工进行调查，就可以了解approximate的数字，得到general idea 就可以，不用一个个调查。此法用于了解大概的信息（general information）。
2. administrative。需要从管事的人那里得到精确的信息即可知道全部的信息。如要知道学校自然科学老师的数量，不用去问每一个老师，只要问校长就可以得到准确答案了。此法用于了解精确的信息（specific information）。
Sample answer:
The lecture tells us about two ways to survey. One is statistical, the other is administrative. Then the professor goes on to explain that by giving two examples. statistical survey is to select a small group of people and ask them some questions, using the answers to guess the number of the general public. For example, a company is to build a parking lot. The first thing that is supposed to do is to get to know how much space it will be occupied. So they take a statistical survey by asking 1/10 of employees to get the approximate figure of how many people drive to work ‘cause this would change daily and depends on the different situations.They don’t need to ask everyone. And administrative survey is used to collect specific informationby asking one representative. For example, if a university wants to know how many professors teach science, they can just ask the principal to get the exact answer. They don’t have to ask every professor.
08. 5.31
T1. Choose one of your favorite methods to relax and explain why it is your favorite. Please include specific examples and details in your explanation.
Sample answer: (音频下载请点击附件way to relax.mp3)
I relax in many different ways depending on the circumstances. Sometimes I just sit and maybe close my eyes, and think of something pleasant. Once in a while I play some sport, or games, very occasionally computer games.
I suppose that when and where I have the time and opportunity my favorite way to relax is to go for a walk in a park or better still away out in nature. Living in a city I often go to one of several parks for a stroll(闲逛,漫步). They all have some trees, and interesting and winding paths, where I can wander listlessly(没精打采地)and contemplate(沉思)my own thoughts or admire the various stages of nature. Sometimes I just like to feel the breeze on my face and savor(尽情享受)its coolness. I do not know exactly how it helps me relax, but it does.
共8句
我的时间记录为：43’’
你的时间记录为:______
T2. Some college students prefer to attend classes regularly because they believe that only in the class atmosphere can they focus on the reading. Others, however, believe that the best reading can only be done outside the classroom. Which reading method do you think is better and why?
Sample answer: (音频下载请点击附件classroom reading.mp3)
Surely, outside reading is another option to address different learners’
individual needs. However, I still believe classroom reading is more beneficial to increase students’ high motivation and progress.
Only through co-operation with the classroom teacher can they focus on reading. Teachers in different fields have innovative(创新的)teaching and productive research, so learners can enhance their reading comprehension under their guidance and assistance. By interacting and sharing their ideas with the instructors, students can enrich their knowledge, shape their learning and refine their skills. They can also have added help ‘cause more individualized instruction can be given.
What’s more,the reading materials are selected in accordance with students’ existing level to satisfy their needs. That’s why I think reading by attending class regularly is much better than reading outside the classroom.
共8句
我的时间记录为：44’’
你的时间记录为:______
T3.
Reading: 【学校通知】： 学校要关了health center，因为a new hospital has been built in the city.
Listening: 【学生议论】：女生不同意。原因有二：
1) health center路很近，骑车15分钟，不用其他transportations.
2) 学生得的都是小毛病，例如cold，反不着上那个医院，health center就足够了。
Sample answer:
In the reading material, the school is considering cancelling the health center because a new hospital has been built in the city.
In the listening material, we clearly learn that woman doesn't like the idea. One reason she gives is that the new hospital is too far or the student is too sick to drive.
Another reason is that most students see the doctors for very minor problems like a cold, the flu or sports injuries and the school health center has adequate treatment for these minor problems. They don’t have to go to the community hospital for its better facilities and wait for hours in line.
Therefore, she disagrees with that opinion.
T4.
Reading: 【课文要点】 false consensus theory，人往往会错误估计他人的想法，原因是overestimate.0
Listening:【教授举例】实验：
1) 问学生： 让他们在一个croweded的图书馆里做他们随便想做的事，是一些很embarrassing的事，例如大声说话，问他们是否愿意，一帮人说yes，一帮人说no.
2) 再问学生：你们认为别人会愿意吗？原来说yes的还说yes，原来说no的还说no.
Sample answer:
In this set of materials, the reading passage explains false consensus theory. That is people tend to overestimate how the degree to which their own behavior, attitudes, beliefs, and so on are shared by other people. Actually it’s wrong for people to think their opinions sometimes reflect the thought of the majority.
In the listening passage, the professor gives an example to illustrate this. A group of students reading in a very crowded but quiet library were surveyed about a question----“Will you discuss loudly in the library?” Some students said “Yes”, while others chose “No.” Then the sample students were put into two opposite groups and asked a second question----“Do you think most other students reading in that library will start to talk loudly if they are facing the same situation as you? ” Surprisingly, the group of students who chose “Yes” in the first question consistantly believe that most other students in that room will make the same decision. While the students who chose to keep silent in the first question uniformly have the opinion that the students in that reading room will of course stand with them.
By these means, he proves that there is a tendency for people to project their way of thinking onto other people. In other words, they assume that everyone else thinks the same way they do.
T5.
【学生困难】：女生有机会去墨西哥学习但是当上了president of International club
不知如何取舍。
【解决方案】：男生给她两个建议：
1）去一年墨西哥。但女生想有两年的主席经验。
2) 暑假里去墨西哥。但女生没想过，可以考虑。
Sample answer:
This is a discussion between two students. The woman got admitted to study in Mexico, but she has also been selected as president of International Club for the coming two years. So she’s having a hard time deciding which side her feet should put on. The man offers her 2 solutions. One of the solutions he comes up with is to take presidentship first, then resign and start studying in Mexico. Normally they will give one-year extension. The other solution is to take the two-year presidentship, then register for summer classes in Mexico. If it were my choice, I would take the second solution because I would have both the presidentship and the overseas academic background. I don’t have to wait for one or two more years for further study in Mexico. Doing two things at the same time would be great for me ‘cause I would live my life to the fullest.
T6.
【讲课要点】：生物学理论: plant invasion. 一种新树到新的ecosystem中会destroy the ecosystem
1. 一种树，本来是来解决问题的，问题是解决了，但是造成了新问题：来了后，长得太高了，导致其他树晒不到阳光了
2. 一种树，非常attractive，但是use lots of water, other trees can not survive。.
Sample answer:
The lecture tells us that plants can be totally harmless most of the time. But when inappropriately brought into an environment, plants can also cause disasters by breaking ecological balance in local areas, which is biologically identified as plant invasion. Then the professor goes on to explain that by giving two examples. One is that a tree was introduced into South Africa for the purpose of stablizing the local sand dunes. The tree fulfilled its task very successfully, but the bad news is that the tree grew so tall that they left very little sunlight for their neighboring plants. Threatened by this intruder, many plants started to lose their former territory. Another example is about a tree which was brought into Western United States for its good appearance. It seems not so large, but it has very developed root system, so it absorbed twice the water as other plants of similar size. Also, it reproduced very fast. With its rapid growing, many other local plants gradually died out because of lack of essential water resource.
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本帖最后由 秋姐 于 2008-6-1 15:00 编辑 ]
