查看完整版本: 【转帖】如何看清托福长难句的结构关系

【转帖】如何看清托福长难句的结构关系

[b][size=2]    Part IV：一个句子一个句号的概念[/size][/b].f.EE3g@TK6u-z
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　理论上讲，一个句子一个句号，但是，实际中会有几个甚至多个句子摆放在一起共享一个句号。此时应该怎么办呢？[/size]N{ @q`
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　答案很简单：标记清楚这些句子间的逻辑关系。有两种：[/size]:X
D0`N5j8tn
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　[b]1.并列关系示例[/b][/size]d l:rV^#Qxo|
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　示例1：I sat down beside her. I said nothing.[/size]5np/mC` ?
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　变为：I sat down beside her and I said nothing.[/size]
^&S-g+R6Aa [size=2][/size][size=2]　　示例2：He asked me a question. I answered him.[/size]
Sq^,d T {
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　变为：He asked me a question and I answered him.[/size]4DbP D$mP
[size=2][/size][size=2]　[b]　2.从属关系[/b][/size]Ks?6E{n s
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　1)运用各类从句，形成主从符合句，包括：[/size]4}A[V5vF
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　状语从句[/size]0l z oS l+Y.DF+h
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　宾语从句[/size]HC,yi2}Dh
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　定语从句[/size]
)ua1mppuA [size=2][/size][size=2]　　主语从句[/size]X.F'G7O(Q6LH
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　同位语从句[/size]pT6BYhF6m*w_{nS
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　2)运用非谓语动词类进行从属方式的处理，包括：[/size]
g#gG
VZb_*D~r
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　动词的ing形式[/size]
(B fKF] [size=2][/size][size=2]　　动词的过去分词形式[/size]
+S}#T IEu8qOk [size=2][/size][size=2]　　动词不定式形式[/size]x3vqG$\:G
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　从属关系示例(以状语从句为例)[/size](`Y3o9GEY
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　示例1：When he asked me a question, I answered him.[/size]
ov7fI-E _V%B [size=2][/size][size=2]　　示例2：I was so angry that I beat him up![/size]:{R j/~J/_-R
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　示例3：If you ask me ‘why’, I will answer ‘because’![/size] F$v-u-Ao k-t/W
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　示例4：Since you are not feeling well, just lie down and take a good rest.[/size]f@im'@0XC
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　示例5：Although I have tried my best, I can’t win her heart. [/size]/An7x X.f$F/s@8XA
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　示例6：Wherever I am, I will be thinking of you.[/size]I7a8o b woL7]'a
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　示例7：I went out very early in the morning so that I could avoid the rush hour traffic. [/size]
v;x9w'Dj1{r(m(u [size=2][/size][size=2]　[b]　非谓语动词方式处理示例[/b][/size]Iv}+ap!^5W"d
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　示例1：I sat beside her. I felt very nervous.[/size]
-sv l]1QT [size=2][/size][size=2]　　可变为：Sitting beside her, I felt very nervous.[/size])G(o)k c7kg@j
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　或者：I sat beside her, feeling very nervous.[/size]D(b`#n3f,m
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　示例2：I want to quit smoking. I eat candies. [/size]"J(DTCI q;J n
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　可变为：To quit smoking, I eat candies.[/size]9Y'Q!xx/v/~
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　示例3：A young man was tired of sleeping on the floor. He saved up for years to buy a real bed.[/size]
R T,YVa!n
}$I [size=2][/size][size=2]　　可以变为：Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man saved up for years to buy a real bed.[/size]
z.[ jE5w [size=2][/size][size=2]　　示例4：Jimmy was dressed up as Father Christmas. He was accompanied by a guard of honor of six pretty girls. He set off down the main street of the city. He rode a baby elephant. The elephant was called Jumbo. [/size]D4Y.Sr B!K
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　可以变为：Dressed up as Father Christmas and accompanied by a guard of honor of six pretty girls, Jimmy set off down the main street of the city, riding a baby elephant called Jumbo.[/size]
3a
x4\u!^y&o(m [size=2][/size][size=2]　　[b]定语从句方式处理[/b][/size]
vIp&`&~ [size=2][/size][size=2]　　定语从句当然是属于“从属”的行列，所以，是处理为从属方式的手段之一。请看下面的例子：[/size]
+eh*dn3a8v[E}#` [size=2][/size][size=2]　　This is the only book.[/size],`!Q)q0_5M:f
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　I read the book during the holiday. [/size]6c:Id-?Q;H
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　两句的重合点在the book上面；将第二句中的the book抽出来，放到第一句book后面，其它内容向后甩。这样，我们就会看到the only book后面马上又在重复the book。为了避免重复，我们去掉the book，而换用另外一个词去替换，这个词就是指物的which或that。因为这里的book有only在修饰，所以，最终我们选用that；又因为that在定语从句中作宾语，所以，可以省略。[/size]y"kn-IuK-V0R
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　[b]下面两句的合并遵循同样的原则：[/b][/size]
@r};z7UF [size=2][/size][size=2]　　She is the girl.[/size],{q.f9Gs9ho
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　The girl’s father is my boss. [/size]
&@b;t(L)Csh:o] [size=2][/size][size=2]　　==>She is the girl whose father is my boss.[/size]!\+u-J-T^QE0t:I(C
[size=2][/size][size=2]　[b]　[/b]我们预热几个组成复杂句的句型：[/size]
5U.d)]MM [size=2][/size][size=2]　　*…, but…结构(表转折关系)[/size]
Oi x w'Y1Z;O-Q [size=2][/size][size=2]　　*…, for…结构(表原因关系)[/size]N]s(K%?A
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　*…, so…结构(表结果关系)[/size]
-g U;n_8X#iIs [size=2][/size][size=2]　　*…(,/;/.)however,…结构(表更强烈的转折关系)[/size]
|D#o7Vuu*el%m [size=2][/size][size=2]　　*…(,/;/.) therefore,…结构(更强烈的结果关系)[/size]
z)x.Z+[o/Ogg/R [size=2][/size][size=2]　　*…(,/;/.)meanwhile,…结构(表时间关系)[/size]y4{N
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[size=2][/size][size=2]　　这些基本知识构成了：[/size]
p!Bm+e-|;~A [size=2][/size][size=2]　　*1)简单句合并复杂句[/size]
'YY8T2G.oJ _ [size=2][/size][size=2]　　*2)复杂句拆分为简单句[/size]3] RHX6n#z9on
[size=2][/size][size=2]　　由“分到合”，由“合到分”的“基石”！[/size]

BS看了都不冒泡的家伙g/M dop
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